Stress fracture symptoms and cause
Symptoms of stress fracture include present as a generalized area of pain and tenderness associated with weight bearing. patients suffering form this experience severe severe pain at the beginning mild pain in the middle of running and heavy pain towards the end.
Stress fracture occurs when the bone fails to modify and repair itself owing to excess stress . This cause the bone of seating regions to crash. sudden usage of legs also leads to stress fracture as the foot is not used to it. People suffering from osteoporosis may also suffer from stress fracture. Muscle fatigue can also cause stress fracture. History of previous stress fractures have also been identified as a risk factor.
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Flat Feet
Flat feet is a medical condition in which the arch of the foot is in a collapsed condition. In around 25 percent of the population the arch never develops . In some the development of arch may happen only in one of the foot. Flat feet doesn’t compromise on footspeed and also passes plantar reflex test. Flat feet is most commonly seen in children. Babies foot may give the appearance of a flat feet but that may be due to the fat surrounding the feet. Pain in the knee joints maybe a symptom of flat feet development ,so is calf muscle pain and and any pain around the foot area.
Walking on bare foot and across different terrain leads to the development of arched feet.The occurence of flat feet can be diminished by regular working walking on different terrains and also wearing slippers and sandals. Flat feet can also be treated wearing insoles. Flat feet can also be found in the elderly due to injury illness and stress.Genetics also contributes to falt feet. treatment include exercises, arch support,foot gymnastics etc aas recomended by the doctor.
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Detox Foot Pads
Detox foot patches are adhesive foot pads that can be quickly strapped onto legs . it is practiced in east Asian medicine and is claimed to remove toxins from the body. Makers claim that it can remove toxins from the body and is made up of tree extract. But skin is not permeable and as such is not a conductive unit for the extraction of toxins. The most used ingredient of foot detox pads is distilled bamboo vinegar and cellulose of tree. The various brands include
1. Detox patches from Koyotakara.
2.Verseo Detox Foot Patch
3.Chikusaku Foot Detox Patches
4.The Takara Detox Foot Patch
5.Verseo Detox Foot Patch
6.Verseo Detox Foot Patch
7.Chikusaku Bamboo Vinegar Foot Detox etc
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Heel Bump Removal
Heel Bumps can be a constant source of pain. Wearing shoes can be painful and it requires surgical removal. Incisions are made to remove the bumps. these incisions are made directly over the bumps. the proces amy take just a day or but the healing can take a lot of time. Swelling after operation can be a major factor and can cause a lot of discomfort. The swelling eventually decreases. care has to be taken so that infection doesn’t occur. General anaesthetic supplemented by local anaesthetic is applied before the begining of the operation.
Post operation a bandage is applied. Complete weight can be beared upon successful operation . Doctor will suggest what is best for you. Bandages are changed as stipulated by the doctor until the wound completely heals. A temporary plaster cast or protective boot iss applied if a significant portion of the tendon has to be detached . the temporary plaster is removed once it heals.
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Diagnosis and Treatment of Stress Fractures
Dr Lee Cohen explains the diagnosis and treatment of stress fractures in this useful video.
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Gangrene
Gangrene is the death of cells occuring as a result of thew decay of body tissues. the dead tissues become black and bad smelling. the disease is formed due to insufficient supply of blood to the tissues and is also seen in people with a history of diabetes and long term smoking. Lower limbs are the most affected region of this condition. Restoration of blood flow to the affected region is the most effective solution to combat this disease. Restoration of blood cannot completely reverse the effects of this disease but can to some extent restore the damaged tissues. Other form of treatment include removal of affected tissues and amputation. The word gangrene means putrifaction of tissues and is of greek origin. Gangrenes are of three types including wet gangrene,dry gangrene and gas gangrene. Wet gangrene occur in wet area like mouth,vulva ,lungs,bowels,cervix etc. The wet gangrenes are affected by saprogenic microorganisms , which cause tissue to swell and emit a foul smell. Dry gangrenes occur in usual in the lower extremities due to loss of blood flow. Hydrogen sulphide released by bacteria reacts with haemoglobin and produce the dark coloration. gas gangrenes produces gaases within tissues and is caused by the Clostridium perfringens bacteria. This form of grangene can be dangerous and should be treated at the earliest.
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Callus and Corn
Callus is tough area of the skin which has become so due to the constant wear ands tear of the skin.This happens after a very long duration and is usually a protective measure.Callus formation can be a blessing as it offers some level of protection. Too much rubbing of the corn causes blisters which may lead to infection and contamination. Corn may be prevented by wearing shoes with soft soles and less rubbing of the area. The chances of corn formation is very high in the legs as this is the place that is prone to more wear and tear than other parts of the body. Calluses and corns may go away as time progresses .Usage of salicyclic acid containing lotions,sanded down or parred down can remove it. Corn is a specially shaped callus which forms on smooth skin .Bleeding of callus is a symptom of diabetes. Because corn stiffens the capillaries causing it to break.
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Athlete’s Foot
Athletes foot is a disease caused by fungus. It is also called tinea pedis. The symptoms of this disease are scaling,flaking and itching of the affected areas. The reason why it is termed as athletes foot is because it was common among athletes who shared a common bath as this one way in which the disease spreads. Moist floor and walking without shoes or other protective gears for the foot rapidly spreads the disease.
The disease can also spread to other parts of the body most noticeably the groin area. Maintenance of personal hygiene is very important in preventing this disease. Besides scaling,flaking and itching blisters and crack occur which lead to the exposure of raw tissue causing pain, swelling and inflammation . In acute cases pus discharge accompanied by blood occurs. Fungal infection may be followed by bacterial infection.
Treatment is available which can bring down the disease. The disease can be easily diagnosed with direct visual inspection . To eliminate the chances of other diseases like eczema and psoriasis a KOH(pottasium hydroxide) test is done which contains skin scrapes of the affected area. A biopsy for histological examination can be done to remove any doubt. Athletes foot is a very communicable disease and the best way to prevent is to maintain hygeine. In public places usage of sandals and shower shoes are excellent for the prevention of the disease. It is also advisable to use one’s own toilet items.
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Ingrown Toe Nails
Ingrown nail is a form of nail disease in which the toe nail cuts into one or both the sides of the nail bed. It causes pain which is unbearable at times. It is called Onychocryptosis or Unguis incarnatus.One of the major causes is wearing shoes with less room. This pressurizes the toe from both the top and the sides causing the nail to cut into the nail bed. Other causes include cutting the nails too short ,peeling of nails, straight cuts in place of round cuts .
Ill fitting shoes which impairs the feet during the developmental stages which causes the the nail to grow inwards as a result of this. Excessive use of force, dropping of hard objects,wear and tear of the foot especially in athletes which causes the flesh to become too soft and certain diseases which infect the feet also contributes to the ingrowth of toe nails. Genetics is also considered to be a contributing factor to this disease as deformities inherited can aid in the development of this disease.
Pain along the margin of the nail, pain while wearing shoes , redness of the surrounding area are all symptoms of the disease. Sometimes overgrowth of tissue around the nails can also be mistaken for this disease. Treatment include surgery for very acute cases . Soaking the toe in cold water etc can also mitigate the effects of this disease.
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List of Foot Disorders 2
Disorders of the bones:
- Fracture: A break in the bone caused due to stress or high impact.
- Jones Fracture: Fracture of the fifth metatarsal of the foot.
- Dupuytren fracture: It is also known as Pott’s fracture. The term is used to indicate a variety of ankle fractures.
- Osteomyelitis: An infection of the bone or the bone marrow caused by phylogenetic bacteria or mycobacteria.
Disorders of the nerves:
- Tarsal tunnel syndrome: A very painful condition in which the tibial nerve is impinged and compressed as it travels through the tarsal tunnel. it is also called posterior tibial neuralgia.
- Neuroma: this refers to the nerve tumours.
- Metatarsalgia: It is commonly called stone bruise and refers to any painful condition affecting the metatarsal region of the foot.
- Nerve entrapment: Nerves get compressed and entraped leading to pain and loss of sense etc.
Combined disorders:
- Pes cavus: It means cavus foot and it causes the foot to arch caused due to fixed plantor fixon.
- Club foot: It is a birth dfect giving the appearance of walking on ankles.
Genetic disorders:
- Polydactyly: a genetic defect which causes an increase in number of toes or fingers.
Specific manifestations of systemic disease:
- Diabetic foot: It is a term which refers to a group of foot related problems of pople suffering fromdiabetes mellitus.
- Rheumatoid foot : Problems in which the inflamation of the ankles occur.
- Neuropathy: disorders of he nerves of the peripheral nervous system.
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